Key takeaways
- Brittle nails lose moisture between keratin layers.
- Wet work and harsh products are top causes.
- Dry air and ageing make it worse.
- Moisturising and gloves help a lot.
- Persistent changes deserve a check-up.
Brittle nails are one of the most common nail complaints, especially among women and adults over 50. Most causes are everyday habits you can change.
What makes nails brittle
Moisture loss
Nails are made of thin layers of keratin. When they dry out, the layers separate, causing peeling and splitting at the tip.
Repeated wetting and drying
Nails swell when wet and shrink when dry. Doing this many times a day weakens them.
Age
With age, nails tend to become drier and more brittle, especially toenails.
8 common causes
| Cause | Quick fix |
|---|---|
| Frequent hand washing, dishes | Wear gloves, moisturise after |
| Harsh soaps and sanitisers | Use gentle products and hand cream |
| Acetone polish remover | Switch to acetone-free |
| Gel and acrylic manicures | Take breaks between sets |
| Dry winter air | Moisturise more often, use a humidifier |
| Using nails as tools | Use tools for opening and scraping |
| Ageing | Extra moisture and gentle care |
| Nutritional gaps | Balanced diet with protein, fruit and vegetables |
How to strengthen brittle nails
Keep nails short and file in one direction. Apply a moisturiser or nail oil to nails and cuticles several times a day. Wear gloves for wet work. Limit polish, gels and acrylics. Eat enough protein and vitamin-rich foods. Many people also support their nails from within with a daily supplement and give it a few months.
Sources
- American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) – "Brittle nails: how to strengthen them."
- Mayo Clinic – "Brittle nails: what helps?"
- Cleveland Clinic – "Brittle nails."
Common questions
What causes brittle nails?
Frequent wetting and drying, harsh products, dry air, ageing, gel or acrylic manicures and nutritional gaps are common causes.
How can I make my nails stronger?
Wear gloves for wet work, moisturise nails and cuticles, limit harsh products and eat a balanced diet.
Are brittle nails a sign of illness?
Usually not, but if they come with other symptoms such as fatigue or hair loss, see a doctor.